June 21, 2021

Another solid substance termed denimite

Ritika Arya Jain enumerates cotton, wool, jute, zips, buttons, etc, as materials that can be reworked to roll out a fashionable yet sustainable wardrobe. Can a sustainable fashion-industry address this problem "The socio-economic angle drawn towards sustainability and its staunch supporters stresses upon equality. Another solid substance termed denimite is derived from the debris of denim scraps of tattered jeans with a view to craft out artifacts and decorative earrings. To prove her point, she enlists how established designers and budding talents have showcased this "green revolution” in their recent collections. Sustainable brands endorse a code of conduct that helps ensure nobody is treated partially. You may say that sustainability is in no way a bolt from the blue and definitely not struck as a surprise magic-chant to the fashion industry.Extensive dissemination of information on the subject by an active media as well as rounds of discussions about the manner in which to deal with the increasing crisis of global warming, climate change, greenhouse effect, and carbon footprint, have in turn prompted the well-read populace and public-private sectors to turn sustainable..Counting the reasons cited for sustainable fashion as an essential pill, one wonders if it was destined to happen.As fresh materials are difficult to source and emerge less sustainable in texture, the need to recycle existing fabrics gains importance.According to recent reports, the A-league H&M is utilising a fabric called tencel, a soft material extracted from the cellulose of a eucalyptus wood pulp. For instance, SegraSegra, a Hungarian group, recycles used bicycle inner tubes to create stylish, leather/lycra-like jackets and t-shirts.Designer-duo Jaya Bhatt and Ruchi Tripathi of Indigene brand decode the crux of sustainable fashion as "being kind to Mother Nature and humane to people while making a product”. It highlights the sharing of growth and vision of workers, creating more jobs for them, bringing their wages under a safety-cover and skill-development.” "Designers are gradually approaching environmental concerns put forward by their regular clientele.”Many artisans complain about exploitation in ‘sweatshops’ since the inception of factory settings in fashion production. But today, a lot of people might find cotton casual and polyester or manmade fabrics more luxe. But Jaya and Ruchi beg to differ: "These products come at a certain price-tag and are best accepted in international forums on foreign shores or at niche bazaars and fetes, not government-run exhibitions. Fashion pundits predict that as resources become scarce farsight and inventiveness would be instrumental in changing the face of fashion. "Yes, of course. It was well forecast. Without tampering with quality and aesthetics. But, the massive alertness for the same in general has only now aggravated as a matter of grave concern,” claims Jain.It is believed that handloom and handicrafts fairs allow designers weavers, and artisans to sell their items to target-clients bringing them better profit margins. So what can be better than adopting sustainability as a practical way of life to ring in fresh and wholesome changes within our daily system The fashion fraternity is now abuzz with sustainability. A plain-Jane clad in conventional weaves like khadi can look gracefully glamorous. They add that, "There is no question of compromising on beauty or aesthetics. Who says subtle can’t be sexy One must learn how to merchandise attractively within budgetary constraints. The bottom line is to return to one’s roots. Like other craftsmen, they too accept their social responsibility towards making Fuchsia Mink faux fur fabric a difference to their collection with organic content. Thus a consensus towards mutual respect is ideally reached. Even Bengaluru-based Summer House avidly employs this material in its production-chain. Back home, Ritu Kumar, Karishma Shahani Khan, Anupamaa Dayal, Anaka Narayanan, Samant Chauhan, Anokhi and Bhusattva are strongly rooting for this trend. Even demure-dignity can be charming and modesty, beautiful.It’s a misconception that sustainability cannot penetrate upmarket luxury segments.Admits designer Nidhi Munim: "Everything ranging from cotton to wool can be reworked. Now brands are also using zero waste design techniques alongside disassembly to exercise a positive impact on the environment. New Zealander Emma Whiteside crafted a large, sculptural gown out of recycled radiator copper.”"Recycling is the best way to minimise wastage,” echo Jaya-Ruchi of Indigene. "Premium labels like Patagonia, Marks & Spencer, Armani Jeans, Kowtow, H&M, Mina+Oyla, et al have embraced this diktat already,” reveals Jain. "Sustainable fashion can produce dazzling party/wedding dresses too,” Jain adds. So the fundamental mantra is, ‘beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder’ and it’s all about individual perspective. In fact, internationally, high-end brands are dabbling in sustainable fashion. From designers and stylistas to fashion savvy clients, all have learnt the art of pursuing an austerity drive and are resorting to organic initiatives at moderate rates. There is transparency, everyone is free to choose his/her task and is paid fairly at the month-end,” Nidhi Munim concludes.Most consumer goods are now taking an eco-friendly bend to make lifestyles healthy, comfortable and contamination-free. "These days, people are also using a lot of rubber waste to manufacture bags, wallets and belts etc. Effects of harsh chemicals and pollutants are otherwise spelling nemesis on urban subsistence.When we talk of reasonably priced fashion, it doesn’t imply inferior quality. Sewing green clothes for their buyers is both morally and creatively satisfying,” she observes.,” they add. For example, the most diaphanous cottons and silks, handwoven in the ancient times, were considered a thing of luxury. Fashionable output from agrarian materials can be amped up to appear slick and glossy. Restraint is the new order of the day and astronomical expenses are curbed to look into nature for inspiration.”Designer Ritika Arya Jain credits public awareness for the upsurge in sustainability: "More and more people are becoming conscious about the problems — the damages being caused to the surrounding environment — which expla

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May 27, 2021

This also does not account for the decline

These ministers might be applauded for their valiant but unsuccessful efforts to defend the failures of their government to the point of absurdity; but if these statements reflect the understanding of economics of these ministers, especially when the two of them happen to be the finance minister and commerce minister of the country, it is indeed a matter of great concern for all Indians. "Act first, think later” appears to be the government’s motto.5 per cent to six per cent. The growth in eight core industries declined to 2.. Without clarity, vision and answers to probable negative impact of policy decisions, the Modi government may well convince itself about "achche din”, but the people of India will continue to suffer due to its reckless decisions.

This also does not account for the decline in bus and truck sales. Just a couple of days before this report came out, Moody’s Investors Service lowered its 2019-20 growth forecast for India from 6. Urjit Patel’s exit fuelled speculation that the RBI’s autonomy was being eroded by the government.While one must refrain from predicting doomsday, the fact is that almost every day there is some indication that India is facing an economic slowdown. In the eventuality of a few lakhs of people being rendered stateless, what roadmap does the government have to deal with these people? Bangladesh is not going to accept them.

In order to address a problem and find a solution, it is absolutely necessary to first acknowledge that the problem exists. The response of the finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman on the crisis in the automobile sector, that has seen a double-digit fall in sales for both four-wheelers and two-wheelers as well as commercial vehicles, which resulted in the loss of lakhs of jobs, was another peculiar explanation. Can the government detain lakhs of people, that may include children, indefinitely in detention camps? That will not merely be a major violation of human rights, but truly inhuman.8 per cent, stating that the economy was facing a pronounced slowdown. In its latest South Asia Economic Focus report, the World Bank has slashed India’s GDP growth forecast from 7. She related it to the changing mindset of "millennials”, who according to her now prefer to use Ola or Uber cabs, instead of buying cars and paying EMIs for them. Arvind brushed rabbit hair Faux Fur Fabrics Subramanian had called demonetisation a "massive, draconian, monetary shock” in the book that he wrote after his resignation. The biggest problem with the Narendra Modi government is its utter refusal to acknowledge that a problem exists.Recently, the people of this country were subjected to a bizarre comment made by law minister Ravi Shankar Prasad, who argued that as three Bollywood movies had done financially well on their opening day, all was well with the Indian economy. As Mr Prasad got trolled on the social media over such an insensitive remark, he beat a hasty retreat and withdrew the comment.3 per cent during the same period last year.1 per cent this July compared to 7.

In this context, unless followed by concrete steps backed with solid economic vision to address the crisis, all the attempts by senior ministers to convince people with skewed explanations that "everything is all right” will remain a mere exercise in futility. In a statement, external affairs minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar categorically said that the NRC was an internal matter of India.The ministers in this government seem to be in fierce competition among themselves for making outlandish comments in order to hide the failures of the Narendra Modi government, especially on the economic front. Unemployment remains the government’s biggest challenge, remaining at a 45-year high.The Modi government’s approach towards policymaking seems to be geared towards receiving instant applause rather than thoroughly thinking things through. Raghuram Rajan’s views regarding the government’s economic policies are well-known. Bangladesh has always denied illegal immigration from its soil.Similarly, while making a statement on the GDP calculations at a meeting, commerce minster Piyush Goyal made a double faux pass when he said that Albert Einstein discovered gravity (confusing between Issac Newton and Einstein), and that maths did not help Einstein discover gravity! So Mr Goyal advised his listeners not to get into the maths about GDP calculations, and by implication, not to worry about the falling GDP that was the lowest — just five per cent — in the first quarter of FY20, the slowest growth in the past six years.Coming to an entirely different issue, as home minister (and BJP president) Amit Shah and senior ruling party leaders keep on thundering about conducting an NRC exercise throughout India, the central question in the entire Assam NRC remains unanswered.

What will happen to those people who are finally left out after all the existing legal procedures are exhausted, including appeals to the higher courts. In its quest for the illusive "achche din”, it seems to have started believing in its own rhetoric. Through this process, if a body of stateless people without any rights is created, its impact in terms of both a potential security risk as well as humanitarian values might prove to be costly for India in the long run. This explanation leaves out the vast area outside the metropolitan cities and big towns where services like Ola and Uber are not available, but still consists a large market for private vehicles. The ostrich mentality of the government, refusing to acknowledge these problems, is coupled with its distrust of experts who refuse to always toe the line, deviating from the code of "yes, minister”! The resignation of Arvind Panagariya, the economist handpicked by Prime Minister Modi to head Niti Aayog, the resignation of chief economic adviser Arvind Subramanian, the exit of Reserve Bank of India governors Raghuram Rajan and Urjit Patel, and the recent resignation of Viral Acharya, the RBI’s deputy governor, raise questions about this government’s ability to work with professionals who have a mind of their own.2 per cent to 5. Instead of recognising the legitimate concerns of citizens and the Opposition leaders, the government and the ruling party are totally dismissive about these concerns. But the government does not seem to have an answer to these questions

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April 29, 2021

A Kuwait-based organisation is pumping

It is alleged that there is none to address the vital issues that Muslims face in a pan-global society today. "The Amish people in the US do not use cell phones or cars claiming that they were not used during the time of Jesus some 2,000 years ago. Large sections, cutting across religious divide, are apprehensive of Sangh Parivar using the issue to vitiate the secular fabric of Kerala by whipping up Islamophobia.

"A Kuwait-based organisation is pumping money for Kerala preachers like Mujahid Balusserry. Primarily, IS is an organisation operating in the dark..The spectre of the dreaded IS gaining a toehold among a section of youth in Kerala grew sinister with the NIA arresting half-a-dozen youth, suspected of IS links. Taking arms is no reply to the injustice meted to Muslims.P. That type of fundamentalism feeds extreme spiritualism,” noted Karasserry. KNM (official faction) state president T.P. A practising and educated Muslim youth who is bothered about his religious identity finds no mainstream political parties or community organisations capable of addressing these issues. KNM had worked for communal harmony even during the time of Babri Masjid demolition,” he said. "Muslim youth are disenchanted with mainstream parties and organisations. "It is vital to identify democracy. I use modernity in the sense of democracy. At the same time, notable Muslim critics like Ziauddin Zardar, Fatema Mernissi and Amina Wadud are less projected. But another section of Muslim youth, who mostly pursue education outside Kerala, equally shun mainstream parties and are inclined towards subaltern politics.

The Salafist movements in Kerala, which were at the centre of controversies following the missing of 21 youth from Kerala, reiterate that their ideology Beige rabbit fur faux fur fabric is rooted in the Indian context. We cannot come up with concrete solutions without knowing the activities of the outfit. Umpteen Muslim organisations and their publications fuel this sense of insecurity. He cautions that fundamentalists are close to terrorists. "Assumptions will not help solve the crisis. The inclination towards IS-type outfit is yet to be studied. Venom-spewing preachers who propagate these Saudi Arabian Wahabist (Salafist) thoughts are connected and create the ground for IS-type terror outfits. You can attain power in a democracy using its own rules and not by religious rules. Political parties and community organisations are at a loss, not sure how to address the threat. The dreaded IS gaining foothold among a section of youth exposes a lacuna, which is that the modern secular education doesn’t help recognise modernity. Karasserry.

Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen (KNM-Hussain Madavoor faction) state president C.N. Minor clashes in conflict-ridden Palestine are shown as Muslim victimisation. They carry out intense campaigns which attract more youth,” he said. That is fundamentalism and against modernity. Islam has failed to accept modernity,” says writer M. Muslim youth in Kerala, who are aware of the suppression of Muslims taking place in different parts of the world, connect it to the Sangh Parivar agenda in the country. Abdulla Koya Madani warns that it would be dangerous to brand extreme spiritual seekers as terrorists. The insecurity pushes them to the trap of extreme religious ideologies which have roots in West Asia. Mostly, Muslim students in universities in Delhi or Hyderabad have radical thoughts of democracy and are not bothered about religion,” says Mohammad Afsal, researcher at EFLU, Hyderabad

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April 20, 2021

That's what we both want

A woeful 2-0 loss at Everton was following by an even more limp effort at Cardiff, which looked certain to end in an embarrassing defeat before Cesar Azpilicueta&Purple rabbit faux fur fabric clearly offside equaliser triggered their late fightback.That may have kept alive their hopes of a top four finish, but it did little to quell the feeling that Sarri is on borrowed time at Stamford Bridge.Sarri's sixth placed side have no margin for error as they try to qualify for the Champions League.Feted for his entertaining 'Sarri-ball' style in Italy, the 60-year-old has failed to win over either his players or fans at Chelsea.In the league games since they beat Tottenham, Sarri's side needed an inspired display from goalkeeper Kepa Arrizabalaga to narrowly beat lowly Fulham, while it took a last-minute equaliser from Eden Hazard to rescue a home draw against Wolves.

"That's what we both want and we have to pull in the same direction.Sarri was subjected to vitriolic abuse from Chelsea supporters at Cardiff on Sunday in response to a painful performance that was just six minutes away from serving as the nadir of a miserable first season for the Blues boss.His refusal to ditch Jorginho and return N'Golo Kante to his preferred midfield holding role was the first faux-pas, while his occasional use of Eden Hazard as a centre forward frustrated the Belgian winger.Self-inflicted woundsSarri hasn't helped himself after aiming a subtle dig at Chelsea's protesting fans when he said after he Cardiff escape that they would have been better waiting to see the final score before turning on him.Reflecting the pattern of a hugely frustrating season, Chelsea are once again churning out turgid performances that feature large spells where they dominate possession without showing any cutting edge.".It was not the first self-inflicted wound for Sarri since his arrival from Napoli in July."We have to look at ourselves, and if we want to achieve our targets we have to improve," he said.

"I know the fans will be behind us, but we have to give them what they want - fighting spirit, great football, and scoring goals.Since an impressive 2-0 win over Tottenham raised hopes that Sarri could avoid the sack, his troubled team have reverted to lacklustre type.On Sunday, he bizarrely started with Hazard, Kante and in-form England winger Callum Hudson-Odoi on the bench.Signing his former Napoli striker Gonzalo Higuain to pep up his misfiring attack has been another flop, with the Argentine managing only three goals in 11 appearances."On Wednesday from the first minute, we have to create a good atmosphere on the pitch.A repeat of that woeful # display against struggling Brighton is certain to bring more opprobrium for Sarri, who has already suffered several nights on the boos at the Bridge this season.With seven games left, they trail fourth placed Tottenham by one point and Chelsea captain Azpilicueta urged his team-mates to lift the mutinous mood against Brighton.

Maurizio Sarri faces another angry vote of no confidence from frustrated Chelsea fans if the under-fire Italian fails to spark his spluttering side in Wednesday's clash against Brighton.All three must feature against Brighton if Sarri wants to avoid the already strained atmosphere in the stands turning even more toxic.Chelsea's under-performing stars eventually raised themselves for just long enough to give Sarri a modicum of breathing space with two late goals to steal a sorely-needed 2-1 win.Trailing 1-0 in the second half after being out-fought by the Premier League relegation candidates, Chelsea were on the rack and chants of "you don't know what you're doing" and "we want Sarri out" echoed out from the away end

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April 13, 2021

You wanted me to buy new clothes

Incidents like these will destroy the secular fabric of our country. This issue is of identity and we have reached a point where we are having to conceal skull caps and other symbols that define Islam," Asaruddin said. I am home.Similar protests were held at Kolkata, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Thiruvananthapuram, Bhopal and Bengaluru.

Dear Ma, I am home. An ailing Girish Karnad was at the Bangalore protest, with medical pipes attached to his nostrils. The state has done nothing; there has been a deafening silence from the powers that be," said filmmaker Saba Dewan, whose Facebook post last week triggered an outpouring of solidarity from across the country - and elsewhere - culminating in spontaneous countrywide demonstrations. You wanted me to buy new clothes in Delhi, but fate has landed me in heaven, where you don&Pink embossed rabbit hair faux fur fabric39;t have marauding mobs.A few film stars - including Kalki Koechlin and Konkona Sensharma - attended the meeting in Mumbai, braving heavy rains.There was not a dry eye at Delhi's Jantar Mantar when 22 year old Mohammed Asaruddin read out from what he called his brother Junaid's # "letter to his mother from heaven", at a citizens' protest in the national capital on Wednesday.Hundreds of people from Delhi joined the protest, called "Not In My Name", held six days after the 16-year-old Junaid was killed by a mob on board a Mathura-bound train.

"Even I was called a terrorist in college.Students and artistes voiced their resistance against what the organisers called a "climate of fear" in the country through poetry, plays, songs and posters which carried messages such as "Not In My Name, Not In Anyone's name" and "Muslim Lives matter, All lives matter"."We are outraged at the systematic violence.Congress chief spokesperson Surjewala said the "recurrence of mob lynchings" showed the "intent" of the BJP-led government at the Centre.The letter, he said, had been penned by a journalist friend.Read: #NotInMyName: Crowds congregate across country to protest lynchingAsaruddin's voice quivered as he read out the lines in Hindi from a makeshift dais, set against the backdrop of a "lynch map of India", highlighting the places where people had been lynched in the country since 2015."The prime minister should speak out.Among the protesters in Delhi were ordinary citizens, as well as leaders from the Congress, JD(U), AAP and the CPI..Delhi Deputy Chief Minister Manish Sisodia

Congress leader Randeep Surjewala, JD(U)'s K C Tyagi and CPI's D Raja were among the politicians present there. Such protests help build solidarities," he said.Instead it is protecting them by staying mute," Surjewala said. Yours, Junaid. If the government is competent enough then it should punish the perpetrators.Among the many students in the protest meet in Delhi was 25-year-old Vishnu.Simultaneous protests were held in several other cities, and are also slated to be held elsewhere in the world, the organisers said."I am against mob lynchings, whether they are in Haryana or Kashmir.Singer Rabbi Shergill was also there, and was among the performers

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April 07, 2021

As it grew outwards

About incorporating it in our everyday wardrobe, designer Sakshi Relan shares, "These prints can be worn as really big and casual motifs on shirt dresses and gowns with a lot of experimentation with their placements. The world had become a comic strip. So vast and influential was pop that a merge between the worlds of art with fashion was inevitable.

And when it comes to formal wear we can take fashion a notch higher by donning these prints as smaller motifs. "The pop art movement emerged after the end of World War II in mid-1950s in the United Kingdom and the late 1950s in the United States.” On the fabric front, designer Sunieta Narayana points out, "Gabardine, satin, georgette, linen and even leather work really well. to put together a new level of sophistication while lending a whole new creative vision,” he adds. Pop art prints look beautiful in gowns, A-line dresses, shift dresses, trousers, jackets, shirts, etc.”. Art movements including those that Off-white spray fox fur faux fur fabric are pronounced by way of a manifesto and a proposed purpose and the other few that are made retrospectively regardless of individual inspirations or intentions had been catalytic in influencing our society.Designers are in an arty frame of mind, as pop art is popping up on the runways in many avatarsOur world’s history has been dictated by several movements. Pop art was a movement that had no central manifesto but even in its infancy, it was acutely self-aware, born of a post-war media culture.

The trend is gaining great popularity lately essentially because it takes a simple doodle, tattoo graphic, etc. "Trends in fashion keep evolving with the creators constantly looking forward to innovate the existing and giving a fresh take to the ordinary.”Since designers have always been on a lookout for exclusively individualistic pieces, this trend helps in seamlessly breaking the outline of homogeneity, avers designer Gautam Gupta. However, don’t make the look cluttered, don’t let print overwhelm you, let the silhouette and cut do justice to the print, have fun and express yourself. From Andy Warhol’s soup cans and signature silver hair to Roy Lichtenstein’s Whaam! and Peter Blake’s badges, fashion designers have always gotten inspirations from pop artists and loved telling the tales on the runway,” says designer Sneha Mehta of Kukoon, adding, "Pop split in different directions including psychedelic and conceptual art before mutating into what is loosely called postmodernism. Pop artists revamped old strategies with new subjects and techniques, quickly eliminating the trace of the artist’s hand in the artwork in favour of the look of a mass-produced object such as soup cans, washing powder, comic strips and soda pop bottles, the movement turned the commonplace into icons.

As it grew outwards, it entered the lanes of fashion influencing designers who had found abundant ways of experimenting and reinventing art’s most accessible genre into their own imaginative interpretation. If you are afraid to experiment then either use them as an accent (say in a scarf or a bag) or go for strong pieces paired with solids and neutrals

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March 30, 2021

This leads to the branding of all Kashmiris

Even parents have lost moral control over their boys who take up arms. The Indian Army focuses its fire on Pakistan in this area. By concentrating fire on Hindu majority villages, it appears that the Pakistan Army wants to inflict political damage on the the Bharatiya Janata Party by precipitating Hindu migration from the border. The argument for an offensive posture is that the Pakistan Army must pay a cost for promoting terrorism through proxies.

This leads to the branding of all Kashmiris as pro-Pakistan.The government’s approach has eroded both a healthy federal relationship between the state and the Centre as well as the social base for a peaceful settlement.Pakistan has tended to concentrate its fire downwards of Poonch on the LoC where it has an advantage over India and across the international boundary. The rape and murder of an eight-year-old Bakkarwal Muslim girl has been communalised. The BJP and the Hindu Ekata Manch led a protest using the tricolour against the arrest of the alleged rapist and murderer, a special police officer and a Hindu. Such opportunist communalisation of Jammu will destroy its social fabric and provide further reasons Pink embossed rabbit hair faux fur fabric for the growth of militancy in the Valley. Since last year, there has been a heightened exchange of fire across the Line of Control (LoC) segments running through the Kashmir Valley and the Jammu region as well as the international boundary. A supine mainstream media played the cheerleader in creating a nationalist paranoia to suit Mr Modi’s political ends. Kashmiri youngsters feel that nothing has changed for four generations. In Uri, however, India has an advantageous position.The rest of India must understand that the people of the state of J&K have no role in either initiating the conflict on the border or ending it. It may affect the people of north Kashmir to the extent that they become unwitting collateral victims of the conflict, but for those in south Kashmir — where militancy is most acute — it makes no difference.Why didn’t Pakistan withdraw its hand? Perhaps the Pakistan Army too had to signal to its domestic constituency that it was being tough on India, when international pressure was mounting against Pakistan for its role in Afghanistan and for using Islamic terrorist groups as its strategic instruments. He and his military commanders may think that they can carefully calibrate their "jaw-breaking response” ("munh tod jawab”) but these processes could easily slip out of control. Kashmiri society is filled with anger over the denial of free speech; constitutional rights and justice. According to the state government, 280 local youngsters joined militancy in the last three years with 126 joining in 2017 alone — up from a mere six in 2013. In Kashmir itself, terrorist attacks, including by suicide fidayeen, have increased; a greater number of security forces’ personnel were killed for every militant death; and militant recruitment increased.In Jammu, barring a few Muslim Gujjar villages, the border villages have Hindu populations, especially in Poonch, Rajouri and Nowshera.The border with Pakistan has been deliberately heated up.

BJP leaders are framing the issue as nationalists versus anti-nationals. As the positions of military advantage of the two sides are almost balanced equally, the increased firing eventually evens out, making it a pointless exercise.One of the tropes in this reinvented nationalism is to paint Pakistan as the source of all Indian woes in the Kashmir Valley.Prime Minister Modi’s politics in J&K might save him in the rest of India but it is setting the state on fire, besides raising military tensions with Pakistan. A heightened conflict here leads to Muslim migration, putting Pakistan at a disadvantage vis-à-vis what it sees as a potential political constituency. Within Kashmir, independent political voices have become muted with fear.

Lack of opportunities for the youth and discrimination both within the state and outside it further contribute to the simmering anger.Instead of carrying forward the legacy of former Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s actions have seriously eroded the constituency for peace, dialogue and reconciliation in Jammu and Kashmir.Nevertheless, having failed to deliver on the economic front, given the mess created by demonetisation and the hasty implementation of the Goods and Services Tax, increasing agrarian distress and rising unemployment, Mr Modi needed to rejig the nationalist narrative to maintain and expand the structure of his communalised politics.The communal configuration of the border is also pertinent to understanding the decisions of the Indian and Pakistani security forces.

Without space for peaceful political protests, political groups like the Hurriyat are no longer able to urge the youth to shun violence. In the Kashmir Valley the villages on the LoC, such as in the Haji Pir sector in Uri, are Muslim villages.This has little to do with Pakistan and much to do with India.Mr Modi’s policy of heating up the border with Pakistan, however, has little purchase within J&K.Mr Modi has, however, chosen to ignore the political dimension of the Kashmir issue and deliberately converted it into a problem of Pakistan-sponsored terrorism. It is here that the conflict was escalated from small arms fire and mortar shelling to heavy artillery fire exchange on February 22 and 24 between the two armies.

While the presence of Pakistani terrorists in the state and their continued infiltration is undeniable, it is equally true that there is also an autonomous growth in militancy. What happens on the LoC is as much news to them as it is for the rest of India. Their heroes are Burhan Wani, now dead, and Zakir Musa, whose regular video messages have a large viewership among the young.However, the "surgical strikes” of September 2016 and the Army’s Operation All Out against militants in Kashmir indicated a definite shift from earlier strategies. The unexpectedly muscular response on the border was primarily aimed at Mr Modi’s radical Hindutva constituency.Mr Modi’s politics of polarisation has also set Jammu on fire.

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